DURING his journey to India in the 4th century AD, Fa Hien, a Chinese Buddhist monk, visited Java. After that, many Chinese monks followed in his footsteps. “Until the seventh century, only Chinese Buddhist monks on sacred journeys to India visited Sriwijaya,” wrote Slamet Muljana in Runtuhnya Kerajaan Hindu-Jawa dan Timbulnya Negara-negara Islam di Nusantara (The Fall of the Hindu-Javanese Kingdom and the Rise of Islamic States in Nusantara).

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