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The Clandestine Mission of the Dutch Prince Consort
Prince Bernhard secretly supported Westerling's APRA coup. The husband of the Dutch queen had ambitions to become the viceroy.


Abortion Controversy From Time to Time
Abortion was a common practice in ancient societies. However, the ethical-philosophical issues and methods related to it are often debated.


An Unimaginable Terror in the East
The memories are still fresh on people's minds how Westerling's atrocity caused so many deaths and sufferings in South Sulawesi.


Pacification Turned Mass Killings
Westerling considered the Dutch way of dealing with the Republicans to be like scolding a naughty child. He preferred cleansing and killing.


Westerling On the Road to Massacre
Medan was his first assignment. Westerling carried out a secret mission for the Dutch, ruthlessly killing Republican fighters along the way.


A Glimpse of Life of the Turk
Westerling was born into a polyglot family. As a child, he kept snakes and entertained himself with bloody detective stories.


Interracial Marriages and Reversed Surnames in the Dutch East Indies
Interracial marriages had produced generations of mixed-blood children as well a unique tradition of naming children with reversed surnames.


The Sandakan Death Marches
The Japanese forced thousands of POWs to march for hundreds of kilometers. Out of more than two thousand POWs, only six survived.


Marriage by the Glove: Marriage of Separated Lovers
Marrying a European woman was the dream of European immigrant men living in the Dutch East Indies. To tie the knot, women married gloves.


The Final Moments of Kartosoewirjo
Kartosoewirjo, leader of the rebellious Darul Islam, was executed and buried on Ubi Island, Jakarta’s Thousand Islands not on Onrust Island.


The Poignant Tales of Ianfu
Former Indonesian ianfu finally voiced their voices, recalling their poignant life stories when they were being forced to become sex slaves.


Ianfu, The Dark and Forgotten History of Japanese Sex Slaves
Sukarno's cooperation with Japan inflicted unimaginable suffering. Romusha and ianfu, two dark sides of history that left painful memories.


The Silent Suffering of Ianfu in Indonesia
Japan established ianjo to fulfill the sexual needs of its soldiers. Still, rapes committed by the Japanese soldiers were prevalent outside.


A Day of Terror in Rengat
People of Rengat witnessed the deadliest Dutch military operation. The record of terror-stricken day disappears from both nations history.


The Price of Independence: Two Other Massacres by the Dutch
More than a hundred thousand people died throughout Indonesian war of independence against the Netherlands. Most were innocent civilians.

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